Attentional cue

Apr 1, 2023 · In pre-cue tasks, cues are presented before the encoding period and reduce the memory load, confusing the retrieval of pure attentional effects. However, in retro-cue tasks, retro-cues are presented during retention and obtain cleaner attentional effects, which involves top-down executive control on WM representations.

It is important to note that: (1) cue validity does not affect cueing effectiveness for exogenous attention, although it does so for endogenous attention (e.g. 3, 137, 138); (2) the short timing and non-informative cue in the exogenous condition ensured that no voluntary component could be involved in the exogenous attentional effect.A memorized speech is a speech that is recited from memory rather than read from cue cards or using the assistance of notes. This method of speech delivery does not come as highly recommended as others.8 Şub 2019 ... The research into attentional focus shows us-if we are cueing our patients the “wrong” way…we might as well not cue them at all!Recent studies have demonstrated that memory performance can be enhanced by a cue which indicates the item most likely to be subsequently probed, even when that cue is delivered seconds after a stimulus array is extinguished. Although such retro-cuing has attracted considerable interest, the mechanisms underlying it remain …Then, a chinrest was mounted and adjusted so that participants could comfortably perform the following attention task. The cueing paradigm started 20 min after the CPT or control procedure and lasted for 45 min. Saliva samples were provided before the task after each block in 15-min intervals. After completion of the cueing paradigm, …Jul 8, 2017 · In baseball batting (Castaneda and Gray 2007), when attentional cues were put to the test with both highly skilled and less-skilled batters, the results varied. Out of 4 different attentional conditions, highly skilled batters performed best when attention was focused on “the flight of the ball leaving the bat” - this attentional cue is ... Recently, researchers have expanded the investigation into attentional biases toward positive stimuli; however, few studies have examined attentional biases toward positive auditory information. In three experiments, the present study employed an emotional spatial cueing task using emotional sounds as cues and auditory stimuli …

By varying the retinal size of the cue while keeping its perceived size constant (Exp. 1), we found that a cue with smaller retinal size significantly facilitated attentional orienting as compared ...Others’ gaze direction and traffic arrow signal lights play significant roles in guiding observers’ attention in daily life. Previous studies have shown that gaze and arrow cues can direct attention to the cued location. However, it is ambiguous where gaze and arrow cues guide attention: the cued location or a broader cued region. Therefore, the …A specific attentional aid is like an orienting strategy, but the student's attention is maintained by connecting a physical object or verbal cue to the task. An example of a specific attentional aid is my "ring strategy." I am not usually very aware of the rings I wear, but if one is on the "wrong" finger, I become very aware of it.When a teacher raises their hand, it can tell students that now is the time to remain silent and pay attention—all without a single word passing between them. A student may use cues, such as sign language, to quietly request a bathroom break or communicate with a fellow student without disrupting the class. Nonverbal cues bridge the gap ...Attentional selection is driven, in part, by a complex interplay between endogenous and exogenous cues. Recently, one’s interactions with the physical world have also been shown to bias attention. Specifically, the sense of agency that arises when our actions cause predictable outcomes biases our attention toward those things which we control. We investigated how this agency-driven ...This study examined the sequential relationship between parent attentional cues and sustained attention to objects in young children with autism during a 20 min free-play interaction session. Twenty-five parent–child dyads with a preschool child with autism participated. Results indicated that (a) parent attentional cues that …In conclusion, symbolic attentional cues affect accuracy and RT in part via different cognitive and neural processes. While the effect of symbolic cueing on accuracy is likely explained by a single process (preparatory excitability increase), an additional, nonpreparatory, process likely underlies its effect on RT.The cues were then categorized for various attentional focus strategies. RESULTS: Results showed that elite coaches utilized multiple attentional focus strategies which included internal, external ...

Non-Verbal Attention Getters. 76. Place a crazy hat on your head to signal that it’s time to stop and listen. 77. Wave a wand or flag. 78. Put on sunglasses or any type of “special” glasses to signal that learners need to focus their attention on you. 79. Hold up cue cards, each with a note such as, “Focus Now.” or “Eyes On Me.” 80.bottom-up attentional cue (Egeth & Yantis, 1997). If the dynamic nature of auditory input is responsible for auditory overshadowing, one would expect the increased dynamicity of the visual stimulus to attenuate auditory overshadowing, resulting in more thorough visual processing. In thisAttentional focus in sport can be divided between external or internal dimensions. External focus cues direct a player's attention to the environment or the effects of their movements on the...The fact that such automatic shifts of attention could be triggered by centrally presented, nonpredictive cues has led some researchers to suggest that eye gaze is a special attentional cue because of its biological significance (e.g., Friesen & Kingstone, 1998, 2003b; Langton & Bruce, 1999).concentration is the ability to maintain focus on relevant environmental cues. When the environment changes rapidly, attentional focus must also change rapidly. Thinking of the past oe the future raises irrelevant cues that often lead to performance errors.

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It's increasingly easy to ignore what's around us at any given point and pay attention instead to our phones, computers, or other gadgets. However, as novelist Jonathan Safran Foer reminds us in an essay for The New York Times, paying atten...Social Orienting and Joint Attention. Social orienting is a rapid, involuntary, attentional shift towards a social cue. An example is an attentional shift in the direction of another’s eye gaze (Frischen et al. 2007).This occurs in observers without ASC, or neurotypical (NT) observers even when the direction of the gaze is not predictive of the …In order to assess the effectiveness of the attentional cue, the two types of attentional cues were further divided into three cue-validity conditions. Participants were trained, on a novel task, to detect the presence of a complex gabor patch embedded in fixed Gaussian contrast noise while contrast thresholds were varied.7 Eki 2021 ... ... attentional movement caused by mental (endogenous) cues. The Posner ... That means that the cue directs attention physically to (or away ...Attentional inhibition. The attentional cueing task (ACT), designed to assess the inhibition and shifting components of attentional control, was based on a modified version of Posner's (1980) cuing task (Derakshan & Eysenck, 2009). For each trial, two white frames were displayed on the computer screen, one to the left and one to the right, …

Jun 25, 2018 · The attentional network test (ANT) uses flanker stimuli with different cue conditions to quantify differences in attentional processing. However, it is unclear precisely how the alerting and orienting cues in the task affect different decision processes. The present study leveraged computational modeling to identify the relationship between attentional cues and decision components. ANT data ... While this would not be a unique property of social cues – similar effects were reported by Galfano et al. 21 with arrow cues – the origins of such persistent attentional shifts nonetheless ...Evidence for this possibility comes from several sources. A series of experiments by H. Chen and Wyble (2015a, 2015b) used stimuli as attentional cues for a perceptual decision task, and after several trials inserted a surprise memory test for a feature of the cue. Although they have arguably attended to the cue because it was relevant for the ...When listening to others, consider what your body language says. Nodding your head, making eye contact, or smiling (if appropriate) are excellent cues to show that you're paying attention. 3. Give encouraging verbal cues. Verbal cues are responses a listener may express to show they understand what's being shared.Others’ gaze direction and traffic arrow signal lights play significant roles in guiding observers’ attention in daily life. Previous studies have shown that gaze and arrow cues can direct attention to the cued location. However, it is ambiguous where gaze and arrow cues guide attention: the cued location or a broader cued region. Therefore, the …Ever at dinner with someone who can't look away from the Crackberry? Technologist Linda Stone says this isn't just multi-tasking, it's a case of "continuous partial attention": Ever at dinner with someone who can't look away from the Crackb...Nov 1, 2021 · Apply It! • Explore how attentional focused cues affect performance based on exercise modality and intensity. • Identify how and when to apply cues that target internal or external focus to ... The attentional network test (ANT) uses flanker stimuli with different cue conditions to quantify differences in attentional processing. However, it is unclear precisely how the alerting and orienting cues in the task affect different decision processes.Predictive central cues generate location-based expectancies, voluntary shifts of attention, and facilitate target processing. Often, location-based expectancies and voluntary attention are confounded in cueing tasks. Here we vary the predictability of central cues to determine whether they can evoke the inhibition of target processing in …Oct 13, 2022 · Thus, group-based cue selection is an advanced attentional selection mechanism that dynamically tracks individual social cues, integrates pieces of individual and group social information to ... Given previous findings that the body appears to inform initial estimates of a person’s facing direction, with attentional cues then read from head tuning and eye gaze (Hietanen 2002; Pomianowska et al. 2011), an oriented body alone may not serve as an effective cueing stimulus. The second objective is to explore gender differences in the ...

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Reframing covert attention as prediction is illustrated by considering the classic Posner cueing task. In this task a cue directs covert attention to one or the other side of a display area. A target then appears on the cued or uncued side with some probability (e.g., 80% likely on the cued side, 20% likely on the uncued side).By manipulating the spatial validity between the location of the cue and the location of the target, the Posner cuing task provides a measure of attention by assessing performance for attended targets occurring at the location indicated by the cue (e.g., cued or valid targets) relative to unattended targets occurring at other locations (e.g., un...Concentration on irrelevant cues should result in a decrease in the quality of her performance. As arousal increases, the athlete’s attention begins to narrow. A good example of attentional narrowing is cue utilization. When the athlete is in her optimal performance zone , she is able to cpncentrate on relevant cues and ignore the irrelevant ...LWWSep 1, 2008 · The urge to self-harm can be likened to craving in addictive behaviours. However, it remains unclear whether cognitive mechanisms involved in craving, such as attentional biases to cues, also underpin the urge to self-harm. A Dot Probe Task was used to investigate attentional biases to self-harm cues in young people aged 16–25 with self-harm. Dec 22, 2022 · Based on previous studies, as two different kinds of cues, the attentional orienting triggered by non-predictive gaze and arrow cues may exhibit distinct patterns. If the pattern of attentional orienting triggered by gaze cues depends on its social properties, gaze cues ought to direct attention to the specific location, as in Marotta et al. . Retrieval cues (5.5) Memory distortion (5.6) Apply. By reading and thinking about how the concepts in Module 5 apply to real life, you should be able to: ... For example, you should pay attention to patterns and relationships and their significance, rather than just the words or numbers themselves.PMID: 16502846. 10.3758/bf03193557. We investigated the role of spatial probabilities in target location during participants' performance of a visual search task. Experiments 1 and 2 demonstrated that spatial probabilities could serve as a powerful attentional bias that produced faster detection of targets in high-probability locations than of ...LEARNING OBJECTIVES. After reading this chapter, you should be able to: Understand why the attentional focus of external cues improves motor skill learning. Understand how the constrained action hypothesis explains the effectiveness of external versus internal cues. Understand the effect of attentional focus on the neuromuscular …Aims Attentional bias for drug-related cues has been associated with drug maintenance and relapse. We investigated whether attentional bias for smoking-related stimuli could be altered using a modified visual probe task in cigarette smokers. We also sought to determine whether changes in attentional bias were associated with changes …

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Threatening stimuli seem to capture attention more swiftly than neutral stimuli. This attention bias has been observed under different experimental conditions and with different types of stimuli. It remains unclear whether this adaptive behaviour reflects the function of automatic or controlled attention mechanisms. Additionally, the spatiotemporal dynamics of its neural correlates are largely ...lowed by an attentional cue, memory for the cued items is enhanced (see, e.g., Griffin & Nobre, 2003). This sug-gests that VWM representations are volatile and prone to degradation unless they receive the benefits of focused attention (Makovski, Sussman, & Jiang, 2008). However, it is not known whether visual attention is theThe main disadvantages of text messaging are that it can be difficult to accurately express a message, and it excludes those without access to a text messaging device. Verbal and non-verbal cues and messages cannot be included in a text mes...the attentional cue was valid). On the remaining 20% of trials (invalid trials), we tested performance at the unattended location using only aHeeren A, Maurage P, Philippot P. Revisiting attentional processing of non-emotional cues in social anxiety: a specific impairment for the orienting network of attention. Psychiatry Res. 2015;228: ...First, a spatial-attention cue encouraged the use of either selective or divided attention by providing informative or uninformative instructions about the to-be-attended, and thus later-probed, ear.of attention, and of intermediate level during validly cued endogenous orienting of attention, no matter the motor response workload demanded by the latter, especially over the left hemisphere. Hypoxia induced an increase in alpha power over the right-sided occipital and parietal scalp areas independent of attention cueing and conflict conditions.We assessed this link between EF, attentional cueing, and social cognition with a novel ecological task ("EcoSupermarketX"). Our task had three blocks of increasing executive load and incorporated social and non-social cues, with different degrees of saliency.Concentration on irrelevant cues should result in a decrease in the quality of her performance. As arousal increases, the athlete’s attention begins to narrow. A good example of attentional narrowing is cue utilization. When the athlete is in her optimal performance zone , she is able to cpncentrate on relevant cues and ignore the irrelevant ... Highlights Rapid arrow cueing effects previously attributed to rapid attentional orienting. We observed rapid effects only for long-duration cue and target stimuli. Largest effect when target simultaneous with cue, before attention can shift. Effects reflect slowing for invalidly cued targets, not speeding for valid targets. Effects attributable to cue-target …Attentional focus, in the context of sport and exercise performance, refers to the process in which the athlete allocates mental resources to cues, stimuli, or states. Attentional focus is commonly classified along one or more dimensions. Nideffer proposed two dimensions of direction (internal or external) and width (broad or narrow). ….

Executive functioning (EF) impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) impact on complex functions, such as social cognition. We assessed this link between EF, attentional cueing, and social cognition with a novel ecological task, “EcoSupermarketX.” Our task had three blocks of increasing executive load and incorporated social and non …Apr 6, 2023 · This cue-related effect may have been caused by the activation of an attentional alerting system or endogenous attentional orientation of the cue. To understand how a cue’s enhancement of ABE works, Experiment 2 was conducted to investigate if a cue still had a beneficial effect on ABE when the time interval between the cue and target was ... Under the neutral, bidirectional cue condition, spatial attention was directed to either the left or right side of the display rather than a specific location. This breadth of attentional range enabled the subject to dwell on emotional faces. Based on these findings incorporating analyses of reaction times, we can speculate that more cognitive ...These constructs and their relationships to each other can be seen in figure 8.3. Understanding attentional styles can improve coaching effectiveness. For example, a player who tends to become overloaded with external stimuli might be coached to focus on one important cue, such as an opponent’s footwork. Athletes who seem to get lost in their ...Jul 14, 2020 · Visual cues provide multisensory expectations. When processing information about the other’s attentional state, we can further distinguish between the sense I rely on to monitor the other's attention (e.g., I gaze at your hand grasping), and the sense they use, which I monitor to gather information about their attention (e.g., I gaze at your hand grasping). PMID: 16502846. 10.3758/bf03193557. We investigated the role of spatial probabilities in target location during participants' performance of a visual search task. Experiments 1 and 2 demonstrated that spatial probabilities could serve as a powerful attentional bias that produced faster detection of targets in high-probability locations than of ... Tra cứu từ điển Anh Việt online. Nghĩa của từ 'attentional' trong tiếng Việt. attentional là gì? Tra cứu từ điển trực tuyến.We focused on residual deficits as adults, and on developmental trajectories (time and time × group effects) for CPT performance and attentional (Cue P300), preparatory (CNV: contingent negative variation) and inhibitory (NoGo P300) ERP components. Results: All ERP components developed without significant time × group …For the cue-frequent group (N = 18), the attentional cues (valid, neutral, and invalid) were presented in 83% of all trials, while in the rest, no cue was presented. For the cue-infrequent group (N = 19), the probability of cue presentation was 25%. In both groups, there were 8 experimental blocks, each of which contained 96 trials. ... Attentional cue, Attention Span có bốn âm tiết, trọng âm thường được đặt tại âm tiết thứ hai. Khi phát âm cụm từ này, cần phát âm rõ ràng từ vựng span vì nó ảnh hưởng khá nhiều đến nghĩa của cụm từ. Đặc biệt, bạn cần chú ý đến cách phát âm của phụ âm /ʃ/ trong câu tiếng Anh ..., Jul 25, 2012 · We investigated whether symbolic endogenous attentional cues affect perceptual accuracy and reaction time (RT) via different cognitive and neural processes. We recorded magnetoencephalography in 19 humans while they performed a cued somatosensory discrimination task in which the cue–target interval was varied between 0 and 1000 ms. , Any neural response or overt performance benefits (e.g., a fMRI activation and/or greater ERPs as well as a motor response facilitation) for cued targets are attributed to the cue's ability to direct attention, with the time course of attentional orienting effects revealed by the change in the processing profile across the cue-target intervals ..., Dec 21, 2021 · The results identified that attentional deficits in intellectual disability are overall more pronounced in top-down rather than in bottom-up processing, but with different magnitudes across cue types: The auditory or tactile endogenous cues were much less effective than the visual endogenous cue in the intellectual disability group. , attentional focus: cue characteristics Although the evidence presented above clearly shows the benefit of using instructions and cues that encourage an external focus opposed to an internal focus when teaching a motor skill, there is also evidence that is pointing to the mediating role of certain cue characteristics (e.g., distance; Ref. 37 ). , Fig. 10.1.1 Using the nonvolitional cue based on saliency (red cup, non-paper), attention is involuntarily directed to the coffee. After drinking coffee, you become caffeinated and want to read a book. So you turn your head, refocus your eyes, and look at the book as depicted in Fig. 10.1.2., An attention cue indicating whether the right or left side should initially be attended appeared for 18 s at the beginning of each run and then disappeared. Each of eight RSVP streams consisted of ..., The cue validity effect on attentional allocation: N1pc amplitude. Results on the cue validity effect on N1pc amplitude are reported in Table 8., This BM-triggered attentional effect persists when only the feet motion cue is displayed and observers are naïve to its biological nature . Moreover, such attentional orienting behavior triggered ..., Attentional focus, in the context of sport and exercise performance, refers to the process in which the athlete allocates mental resources to cues, stimuli, or states. Attentional focus is commonly classified along one or more dimensions. Nideffer (1976) proposed two dimensions of direction (internal or external) and width (broad or narrow)., the attentional cue was valid). On the remaining 20% of trials (invalid trials), we tested performance at the unattended location using only a, Given previous findings that the body appears to inform initial estimates of a person’s facing direction, with attentional cues then read from head tuning and eye gaze (Hietanen 2002; Pomianowska et al. 2011), an oriented body alone may not serve as an effective cueing stimulus. The second objective is to explore gender differences in the ..., Non-Verbal Attention Getters. 76. Place a crazy hat on your head to signal that it’s time to stop and listen. 77. Wave a wand or flag. 78. Put on sunglasses or any type of “special” glasses to signal that learners need to focus their attention on you. 79. Hold up cue cards, each with a note such as, “Focus Now.” or “Eyes On Me.” 80., Attentional Cues (Posner) • Focus visual attention to an area by using a cue – “Spotlight” or “zoom lens” • measure time to identify target item when: – observer does not know where item will appear – observer does know where item will appear • cue is a briefly presented dot at the location of target, Search for: 'cue utilization theory' in Oxford Reference ». A theory that predicts that, as an athlete's arousal increases, his or her attention focus narrows and the narrowing process tends to gate out irrelevant environmental cues first and then, if arousal is high enough, the relevant ones. This results in reducing the availability of ..., Previous studies have shown that attention becomes biased toward those locations that frequently contain a target and is biased away from locations that have a high probability to contain a distractor. A recent study showed that participants also learned regularities that exist across trials: Participants were faster to find the singleton when its …, One of the most important function of selective attention is the efficient and accurate detection and identification of cues associated with threat. However, in pathological anxiety, this attentional mechanism seems to be dysfunctional, which leads to an exaggeration of threat processing and significant functional impairment., Executive functioning (EF) impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) impact on complex functions, such as social cognition. We assessed this link between EF, attentional cueing, and social cognition with a novel ecological task, “EcoSupermarketX.” Our task had three blocks of increasing executive load and incorporated social and non …, Apr 14, 2015 · Attentional-focus cues can be either internal (directed toward the body) or external (targeting something beyond the body) (Wulf, Hoss & Prinz 1998). Two examples: Internal cue: A trainer guiding a client through the upward portion of a bench press says, “Focus on extending your arms and squeezing your chest.”. , Communication of attentional focus from one person to another - a process referred to as "social attention" 1, 2 - arises from a complex web of language and body actions including gaze, head..., Attentional cueing biases familiarity-based recognition judgments. This effect is well explained by the hypothesis regarding unintentional processing about the source of fluency. As attentional cueing is a simple yet powerful method for manipulating fluency, it would be of great service for future research to further elucidate the contribution ..., Adults who are deaf have been shown to have better visual attentional orienting than those with typical hearing, especially when the target is located in the periphery of the visual field. However, most studies in this population have assessed exogenous visual attention orienting (bottom-up processing of external cues) rather …, Aug 9, 2019 · Attentional focus, in the context of sport and exercise performance, refers to the process in which the athlete allocates mental resources to cues, stimuli, or states. Attentional focus is commonly classified along one or more dimensions. Nideffer (1976) proposed two dimensions of direction (internal or external) and width (broad or narrow). , Essentially, the artificial systems are using feedforward image information to internally generate top-down attentional signals rather than being given the top-down information in the form of a cue. That being said, some artificial systems do allow for externally-cued feature attention., Social Orienting and Joint Attention. Social orienting is a rapid, involuntary, attentional shift towards a social cue. An example is an attentional shift in the direction of another’s eye gaze (Frischen et al. 2007).This occurs in observers without ASC, or neurotypical (NT) observers even when the direction of the gaze is not predictive of the …, Found in about four to five percent of adults, attention deficit disorder is comprised of a number of symptoms that affect all of the activities of daily living. Treatment of ADD in adults begins with understanding that adults with ADD are ..., There’s no doubt about it: New York City’s Central Park is impressive. An 840-acre slab of green space, right in the heart of Manhattan. But while Central Park may be the most famous of urban parks, that doesn’t mean it’s the only one worth..., In Experiment 1, we investigated whether attentional bias towards happy face cues in the dot-probe task occurs only if the target on a given trial has to compete for attention with a simultaneously presented distractor stimulus (i.e., if it is not an onset-singleton).Participants performed a dot-probe task with happy face cues and two target …, Landin (1994) suggested that the use of appropriate cue words may aid task focus by increasing focus on task relevant stimuli. Hardy (2006) suggests that the use of cue words may help athletes adjust their focus of attention towards a more appropriate attentional focus for completion of tasks., Each circle was 1.5° in diameter and were presented 4° above the attentional cue; inner disks were 4.9° and outer disks were 10° left and right of the attentional cue. The attentional cue lasted for 1 second, and 650 milliseconds after this cue disappeared, the circles in each pair started to move towards each other downwards diagonally (i ..., LWW, Jun 21, 2022 · In the presence of a peripheral cue, an attentional signal (dark grey signal) modulates the post-retinal sustained response produced by the first flashed stimulus (S1). The effect is an enhancement of the activity in the post-retinal parvocellular stream (blue-outlined sustained response in Fig. 8). Through the inter-channel inhibition between ... , In contrast to crossmodal presentations, studies of bimodal spatial cueing have been conducted to investigate the combined effects of attentional cues presented simultanesouly in two sensory modalities (e.g., a visual-auditory cue).