Crash course european history viewing guide

According to NationalGeographic.com, the relationship between history and geography stems from “geographical factors having impacted the course of history in many ways.” Every historical event has taken place in a geographic location.

Crash course european history viewing guide. 2023-09-13 08:00. Hi I’m John Green and this is Crash Course European History. Okay so look: It has been bleak so far. We’ve had the Black Death, the 116 Years’ War, a series of religious wars that culminated with a 30 Years War that killed 20% of Central Europe. We’ve had the little ice age and witch murdering mania and the Atlantic ...

Name:_____ Per #:_____ Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 12: Scientific Revolution Terms to know from this episode: Scientific Revolution Nicholas Copernicus Tycho Brahe Johannes Kepler Galileo Galilei William Harvey Isaac Newton Principia Mathematica Francis Bacon René Decartes Isaac Newton 1.

18. Name a proxy war that was fought during the Cold War: The Korean War The Vietnam War For more viewing guides, to book tutoring and review study tips created by Cathy Keller, the European History Educational Consultant for this Crash Course series, visit @kellerhistory @jumpaheadtutoring In the 15th and 16th centuries, Europeans developed a bunch of tools and techniques that would allow them to travel around the world, in numbers and force heretofore unseen on the planet. And a lot of the results weren’t great for the people who already lived in the places Europeans were “visiting.”. Fernandez-Armesto, Felipe.19K. 1M views 4 years ago European History. The 17th Century in Europe was pretty rough in a lot of ways. The Thirty Years War involved a lot of countries, and a lot of battles, and it …In the 15th and 16th centuries, Europeans developed a bunch of tools and techniques that would allow them to travel around the world, in numbers and force heretofore unseen on the planet. And a lot of the results weren’t great for the people who already lived in the places Europeans were “visiting.”. Fernandez-Armesto, Felipe.The English Civil War. We'll talk about England after Elizabeth, in which things didn't go that smoothly. We'll talk about James I, Charles I, Oliver Cromwel...

crashcourseThe Enlightenment: Crash Course European History #18. Hi I’m John Green and this is Crash Course European History. So far, we’ve seen a ton of political change and continuing warfare in the midst of the seventeenth century’s little ice age, and history often focuses on these types of political and military stories, but there ...Each year, February is a beacon of celebration — celebrations of love, of course, but also the recognition and celebration of an essential and important element of American history: Black history.Are you looking to further your education without breaking the bank? Hillsdale College offers a variety of free online courses that can help you do just that. Whether you’re looking to learn more about history, economics, or literature, Hil...But in the process, the Burgundians, a competing and powerful royal court, captured Joan and turned her over to the English, who burned her at the stake in 1431. It's a bad way to go. Although, there are no good ways. If it sounds like European life in the 14th and 15th centuries was hard, well, it was.Europe's system of alliances and centuries-old tensions erupted into war in August of 1914. This week on Crash Course Euro, we're talking about the military history of World War I and taking a look at the broad strokes of how the war unfolded. We'll take you from the guns of August through gruesome battles like Verdun and the Somme, and follow the thread …Name:_____ Per #:_____ Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 23: Congress of Vienna and Post-Napoleonic Europe Terms to know from this episode: Enlightened Monarch Congress of Vienna Balance of Power Charles Maurice de Talleyrand Klemens von Metternich Edmund Burke French socialists Second Great Awakening …And Luther’s initial questioning of the Church rapidly became rejection: “For we claim the papacy not to be the holy Church,” Luther stated, “nor any part of it, and we are unable to cooperate with it.”. This rejection of the Church as it operated in the early sixteenth century came to be called the Reformation.

Name:_____ Per #:_____ Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 18: The Enlightenment Terms to know from this episode: Montesquieu Voltaire Jean-Jacques Rousseau Enlightenment Salon Philosophe Denis Diderot Encyclopedia David Hume Diests Olaudah Equiano Adam Smith Immanuel Kant Moses Mendelssohn 1.Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 1: Medieval Europe Terms to know from this episode: Black Death (Peak 1348-1350) The Western Schism/Great Schism (1378-1417) Hundred Years War (1337-1453) Little Ice Age (1300-1850) 1.Name: Per #: Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 18: The Enlightenment Terms to know from this episode: Montesquieu Voltaire Jean-Jacques Rousseau Enlightenment Salon Philosophe Denis Diderot Encyclopedia David Hume Diests Olaudah Equiano Adam Smith Immanuel Kant Moses Mendelssohn 1.2023-09-07 09:30. Hi I’m John Green and this is Crash Course European History. So, in the first episode of this series, we talked about the significance of the year 1431. Remember, that was the year Joan of Arc was burned to death for heresy and witchcraft because the English were so bewildered that a teenage peasant girl could lead the ... Crash Course Viewing Guides Cathy Keller Oct 28, 2019 1 min read Crash Course Viewing Guides I think a lot of teachers have found their way to my site because of the Crash Course Viewing Guides I've been posting, but students might want to check them out too.

St clair county parcel.

Video. by CrashCourse. published on 10 April 2021. The Renaissance was a cultural revitalization that spread across Europe, and had repercussions across the globe, but one smallish city-state in Italy was in many ways the epicenter of the thing. Florence, or as Italians might say, Firenze, was the home to a seemingly inordinate amount of the ...London: Bloomsbury, 2019. So, "modern" is kind of a loaded term, but today we're going to talk about modern life in Europe, as it looked around the time the 19th century turned into the 20th. We'll look at what life was like in the rapidly growing urban centers of Europe, how developments in communication and information distribution influenced ...Name:_____ Per #:_____ Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 2: Florence and the Renaissance PLEASE ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN A DIFFERENT COLORED FONT Terms to know from this episode (Please define them below) : Petrarch Humanism Humanities Patronage Medici Boticelli Michelangelo DaVinci 1.View Crash Course Viewing Guide 1815-1848.docx from AP EURO 216 at Coral Reef Senior High School. Name: Luciana Callegari Per #: 1 Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 25: Reform andHi, I'm John Green and this is Crash Course European History! So on August 23rd, 1939, the USSR and Germany concluded a non-aggression pact. The pact caused shocks across Europe for a couple reasons. First, the USSR, while it did conduct extensive trade with Hitler's Germany, also like roundly denounced Nazism, fascism, and capitalism, and ...Power steering is probably one of those things you rarely think about as long as it’s working. But, as soon as power steering problems start, you’ll immediately be taking a crash course in how your vehicle’s steering system functions.

CrashCourse 15M subscribers Subscribe 22K 1.4M views 4 years ago European History You may have noticed that the internet is terrible at religious discourse. Well, this is not a new phenomenon....Students follow along with John Green's online Crash Courses and reflect upon topics in European history using this interactive guiding question workbook. A quick type in on a Google search engine or YouTube of "Crash Course European History" will take one to the desired site of where 51 episodes can be found.crashcourseThe Enlightenment: Crash Course European History #18. Hi I’m John Green and this is Crash Course European History. So far, we’ve seen a ton of political change and continuing warfare in the midst of the seventeenth century’s little ice age, and history often focuses on these types of political and military stories, but there ...Hi, I'm John Green and this is Crash Course: European History. So, if you look at Europe today, you'll note that two of the European Union's largest economies, Italy and Germany, have not existed as unified kingdoms or sovereign states during our first 26 episodes. We tend to think of Europe's nation states as static and long-standing, but one ...Rates of mortality were very high in the 17th century because of the pervasiveness of the Little Ice Age, and because of devastating warfare. And we need to remember the immense human costs of the Thirty Years War. Some 20% of the central European population died, while in areas of intense and continuous fighting it was closer to 50%. The Crash Course team has produced more than 45 courses on a wide variety of subjects, including organic chemistry, literature, world history, biology, philosophy, theater, ecology, and many more!Name:_____ Per #:_____ Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 13: Absolutism in the West Terms to know from this episode: Absolutism The Fronde (1648-1653) Louis XIV (r. 1643-1715) Palace of Versailles Anne of Austria Revocation of the Edict of Nantes (1685) Cardinal Mazarin intendants coups d’état Jean-Baptiste Colbert Nobles of the Robe mercantilism Nobles of the Sword 1.The thing about European History is that it tends to leak out of Europe. Europeans haven’t been great at staying put in Europe. As human beings do, the people of Europe were very busy traveling around to trade, spread religion, and …Apr 12, 2019 · CrashCourse 15M subscribers Subscribe 49K Share 2.7M views 4 years ago Back to School - Expanded Our European history is going to start around 1500 with the Renaissance, but believe it or not,... The USSR was looking to expand its sphere of influence in Eastern Europe, and at the same time, the United States was assisting with the rebuilding of Western Europe (with some hegemonic strings attached). As two nuclear-armed superpowers emerged, the world entered the Cold War. Sources. -Anslover, Nicole L. Harry Truman: The Coming of the …

Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 32: The Roads to WWI 1. For context, what big changes have happened in central Europe that might have destabilized the Balance of Power established at the Congress of Vienna? The division of many countries such as Africa and China, and the growing alliances between countries. 2.

Machiavelli argued that the Florentine Renaissance’s Golden Age ended with the death of Lorenzo de Medici in 1492 and the invasion of the “barbarians.”. Of course, “Barbarians” mostly means “Not Us” throughout history--in fact the word itself comes from a feeling that the language of Barbarians sounded like bar bar bar bar bar.Option 1: Crash Course Videos and Questions View the Crash Course European History videos online (available through YouTube) and answer the corresponding questions. Crash Course Europe Ep12 Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Answer Sheet.docx 14.68 KB (Last Modified on March 23, 2020)Last time we learned about the Enlightenment, and the philosophers and thinkers whose ideas would shape governance for hundred of years. This week, we're lea...Name: Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 7: Reformation’s Consequences 1. So far, Crash Course has mentioned Catholicism and Lutheranism prominently in Western Europe. What other Christian religions have you heard of? Eastern orthodox and protestant Anglican and Presbyterian 2.Viewing Guides of every episode of: Crash Course World History Part ICrash Course World History Part IICrash Course European History62 CENTS PER EPISODESCLICK HERE TO VIEW PART 2Included in this Download: Crash Course World History Part 1 (42 episodes): Agricultural Revolution (4 pages) Indus ValleyCrash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 27: Italian and German Unification Terms to know from this episode: Napoleon III Crimean War Camillo di Cavour Piedmont-Sardinia 1st War of Italian Unification/Austro Sardinian War (1859) Giuseppe Garibaldi Realpolitik Otto von Bismarck Junker King William I (aka Kaiser Wilhelm I) …Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 32: The Roads to WWI 1. For context, what big changes have happened in central Europe that might have destabilized the Balance of Power established at the Congress of Vienna? The division of many countries such as Africa and China, and the growing alliances between countries. 2.Hi I’m John Green and this is Crash Course European History. And as we saw last week, Absolutism was in the air during the seventeenth century, but not just in France. Across the English Channel, King James VI of Scotland became King James I of England after the death of the childless Elizabeth in 1603, and he found himself thinking, “You ... That tradition continues in Crash Course European History, which dives deeper into AP Euro topics, again with fun host John Green! This Crash Course Euro History Worksheet Pack covers a single episode in detail: 30 - Modern Life. What You Will Get for in these Crash Course European History Worksheets: 21 Free-Response questions in video order.

Spy family pfp.

Pittston pa obituaries.

2023-09-04 09:45. Hi I’m John Green and this is Crash Course European History. It’s 1789 and Europe has been through an endless number of wars. Territory has changed hands, hundreds of thousands of people have died, and crop yields have been bad lately. War is bad for agriculture, for one thing, but also the weather hasn’t been too ...Protestant reformation and Women. family at the center of human life; marriage should promote a laving relationship; emphasis on teaching people to read Bible, emphasis on women's literacy; did not challenge women's subordinate position in society. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Martin Luther, Ninety Five ...Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 37: Economic Depression and the Dictators. Terms to know from this episode – YOU MUST DEFINE!!! The Great Depression: The Great Depression was a worldwide economic crisis that lasted for much of the 1930s. ... Description. So, we haven't talked much about Italy and Germany so far in Crash Course Euro, and that's because prior to the mid-19th century, those two nation-states weren't really a thing. Today we'll look at how Italy and Germany pulled it together in the second half of the 1800s. You'll learn about Guisseppe Garibaldi, Victor Emmanuelle ...Introduction. Hi, I'm John Green and this is Crash Course European History. So between 1840 and 1914, an astonishing 40 million people left Europe. It was one of the greatest migrations in human history, and it might seem a little odd because, like, after all, Europe was leading in technological and other innovations at the time.Hi, I'm John Green and this is Crash Course: European History. So, if you look at Europe today, you'll note that two of the European Union's largest economies, Italy and Germany, have not existed as unified kingdoms or sovereign states during our first 26 episodes. We tend to think of Europe's nation states as static and long-standing, but one ...Mansa Musa, the Malian king who made a spectacular hajj to Mecca in 1324-1325, was legendary and very inspiring to the Portuguese. He had an entourage of 60,000 people including 12,000 slaves and huge quantities of gold. He seemed like the model of what the Portuguese hoped to become by traveling to.In 1967, Israel made a pre-emptive strike against Egypt and Syria, launching the Six-Day War. Israel has occupied the West Bank, Arab East Jerusalem, which it captured from Jordan, and Syria's ...Apr 10, 2020 · During World War II, Nazi Germany undertook the imprisonment and summary execution of many of its own citizens, and citizens of the nations they occupied. On... Hi, I'm John Green and this is Crash Course European History. So when we left off last time, the Renaissance was a very big deal, provided you were a member of the elite in approximately this part of the world. Today we're gonna follow the spread of the Renaissance, to France, England, Spain, the low countries, and the seventy-two bajillion ...This is a 15 question guide for the 6th episode of Crash Course youtube series on European History. 6th episode is titled The Protestant Reformation. Students watch the video and answer the questions. Questions are designed to keep the students engaged throughout the video and help them obtain key information. ….

Viewing Guides with Answer Keys to every episode (1-50) of Crash Course European History. Great for AP Exam Review at only 45 cents per episode.Many episodes can be used in a European History course or a World History course. All episodes of Crash Course are available on YouTube. Episodes Included:1. Medieval Europe2. Florence …Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 6: Protestant Reformation Nicholas Santiago 10/27/2020 1. Can you think of examples where religion and politics are intertwined? How does that connection impact people’s beliefs? -Catholic ideas of the time backed up social and political inequality.The Crash Course team has produced more than 45 courses on a wide variety of subjects, including organic chemistry, literature, world history, biology, philosophy, theater, ecology, and many more!Viewing Guides of every episode of: Crash Course World History Part ICrash Course World History Part IICrash Course European History62 CENTS PER EPISODESCLICK HERE TO VIEW PART 2Included in this Download: Crash Course World History Part 1 (42 episodes): Agricultural Revolution (4 pages) Indus ValleyThat tradition continues in Crash Course European History, which dives deeper into AP Euro topics, again with fun host John Green! This Crash Course Euro History Worksheet Pack covers a single episode in detail: 30 - Modern Life. What You Will Get for in these Crash Course European History Worksheets: 21 Free-Response questions in video order.Name:_____ Per #:_____ Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 23: Congress of Vienna and Post-Napoleonic Europe Terms to know from this episode: Enlightened Monarch Congress of Vienna Balance of Power Charles Maurice de Talleyrand Klemens von Metternich Edmund Burke French socialists Second Great Awakening …So the French, Dutch, and other treasure-hungry people joined the English in Atlantic piracy, which increased the wealth of many European kingdoms and individuals of course. But those same European states also began imitating the Portuguese and Spanish in global exploration, trade, and eventually settlement. In 1497, Italian sailor John Cabot ...Name:_____ Per #:_____ Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 24:Industrial Revolution Terms to know from this episode: 4 inventions that revolutionized industry Richard Arkwright James Watt bourgeoisie proletariat Luddites unions 1. For context to the Industrial Revolution, what was necessary for the Industrial Revolution to happen?Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 6: Protestant Reformation Terms to know from this episode: Martin Luther heresy indulgences salvation Ninety-five Theses Reformation Sola Scriptura Sola Gratia Sola Fide Diet of Worm Charles V 1. Crash course european history viewing guide, Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 1: Medieval Europe Terms to know from this episode: Black Death (Peak 1348-1350) The Western Schism/Great Schism (1378-1417) Hundred Years War (1337-1453) Little Ice Age (1300-1850) 1., Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 27: Italian and German UnificationTerms to know from this episode: Napoleon III Crimean War Camillo di Cavour Piedmont-Sardinia 1st War of Italian Unification/Austro Sardinian War (1859) Giuseppe Garibaldi Realpolitik Otto von Bismarck Junker King William I (aka Kaiser Wilh..., CrashCourse 15M subscribers Subscribe 49K Share 2.7M views 4 years ago Back to School - Expanded Our European history is going to start around 1500 with the Renaissance, but believe it or not,..., Rates of mortality were very high in the 17th century because of the pervasiveness of the Little Ice Age, and because of devastating warfare. And we need to remember the immense human costs of the Thirty Years War. Some 20% of the central European population died, while in areas of intense and continuous fighting it was closer to 50%., 1.7M views 3 years ago European History We try not to get into too much great man history here at Crash Course, but we have to admit: Napoleon Bonaparte is a pretty big deal. Join us as..., What History Was, Is, and Will Be: Crash Course European History #50 21st Century Challenges: Crash Course European History #49 Europe in the Global Age: Crash Course European History #48 The Fall of Communism: Crash Course European History #47 The Soviet Bloc Unwinds: Crash Course European History #46, The fighting ends on Jan. 18, 2009, with 1,440 Palestinians and 13 Israelis killed. 2012: Israeli forces kill Ahmed Jabari, a Hamas military chief, in a missile strike. The strike is part of an ..., What History Was, Is, and Will Be: Crash Course European History #50 21st Century Challenges: Crash Course European History #49 Europe in the Global Age: Crash Course European History #48 The Fall of Communism: Crash Course European History #47 The Soviet Bloc Unwinds: Crash Course European History #46, Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 19: Enlightened Monarchy. ... For more viewing guides, to book tutoring and review study tips created by Cathy Keller, the European History Educational Consultant for this Crash Course series, visit jumpaheadtutoring @kellerhistory. Download. Save Share. Crash Course #10 - notes., Between 1833-1838, Britain freed slaves across the empire, except in India. A system of slave-like indentured labor did spring up, but the rhetoric in Europe at least, was one of emancipation. In eastern Europe, Moldavia and Wallachia began freeing several hundred thousand enslaved Roma in 1843., This is Crash Course: European History and today we're going to watch religious reform spread, while states shape up operations to make them better adapted to governance, and also making war. Mostly making war. As you'll recall from our last episode, the Peace of Augsburg was supposed to settle the religious divisions that resulted from the ..., CrashCourse 15M subscribers Subscribe 49K Share 2.7M views 4 years ago Back to School - Expanded Our European history is going to start around 1500 with the Renaissance, but believe it or not,..., 2023-09-02 02:45. Hi I'm John Green and this is Crash Course European History. So, despite improvement in living conditions across much of Europe after 1925, wartime resentments and disruption lingered. and then a momentous event in 1929 gradually turned into a wide-ranging disaster: in that year, the U. S. stock market crashed. , Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 6: Protestant Reformation Nicholas Santiago 10/27/2020 1. Can you think of examples where religion and politics are intertwined? How does that connection impact people’s beliefs?-Catholic ideas of the time backed up social and political inequality.Church teaching described monarchs and noble …, Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 32: The Roads to WWI 1. For context, what big changes have happened in central Europe that might have destabilized the Balance of Power established at the Congress of Vienna? The division of many countries such as Africa and China, and the growing alliances between countries. 2., In 1789, the French Monarchy's habit of supporting democratic popular revolutions in North America backfired. Today, we're talking about the French Revolutio..., This is a 15 question guide for the 37th episode of Crash Course youtube series on European History. 37th episode is titled Economic Depression & Dictators. Students watch the video and answer the questions. Questions are designed to keep the students engaged throughout the video and help them obtain key information., We've talked about a lot of revolutions in 19th Century Europe, and today we're moving on to a less warlike revolution, the Industrial Revolution. You'll lea..., In 1789, the French Monarchy's habit of supporting democratic popular revolutions in North America backfired. Today, we're talking about the French Revolutio..., crashcourse18th Century Warfare: Crash Course European History #20. Hi I’m John Green and this is Crash Course European History. Last time, we looked at how the monarchs did--and didn’t--incorporate the ideas of the Enlightenment into their domestic policies. Today, we’ll look outward to how the 18th century European powers engaged with ... , crashcourseThe Enlightenment: Crash Course European History #18. Hi I’m John Green and this is Crash Course European History. So far, we’ve seen a ton of political change and continuing warfare in the midst of the seventeenth century’s little ice age, and history often focuses on these types of political and military stories, but there ..., Name:_____Per #:_____ Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 33: WWI- Many Battlefields . Terms to know from this episode: “blank check” Christmas Truce of 1914 Jean Juares Spanish Flu (aka Influenza Pandemic of Schlieffen Plan 1918) Battle of Verdun Woodrow Wilson Battles of Somme Fourteen Points 1., The Age of Exploration: Crash Course European History #4 Info Description Transcript Hi I'm John Green and this is Crash Course European History. So, remember back in May of 1453 when the Ottomans smashed the thick walls of Constantinople, captured the city, and beheaded the Byzantine emperor?, Name: Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 7: Reformation’s Consequences 1. So far, Crash Course has mentioned Catholicism and Lutheranism prominently in Western Europe. What other Christian religions have you heard of? Eastern orthodox and protestant Anglican and Presbyterian 2., What History Was, Is, and Will Be: Crash Course European History #50 21st Century Challenges: Crash Course European History #49 Europe in the Global Age: Crash Course European History #48 The Fall of Communism: Crash Course European History #47 The Soviet Bloc Unwinds: Crash Course European History #46, Introduction The Enlightenment: Crash Course European History #18 CrashCourse 15M subscribers Subscribe 25K 1.7M views 4 years ago Back to School - Expanded So far in this series, we've covered a..., Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What French king, known as the Sun King, was the model of absolute power, What were there several rebellions against Louis XIV's father, Who ruled France while Louis XIV was young and more. , Name: Valeria Gomez Per #: 4. Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 38: WWII. Terms to know from this episode: Nazi-Soviet Non-Agression Pact: two countries agreed to take no military action against each other for the next 10 years., crashcourseCatholic Counter-Reformation: Crash Course European History #9. Hi, I'm John Green and this is Crash Course European History. So, last week we took a break from religion to show that amidst warfare and bitter controversy over doctrine, people were also inventing and innovating and enslaving. Europeans were eating new foods, hanging ..., The European Renaissance may have started in Florence, but it pretty quickly moved out of Italy and spread the art, architecture, literature, and humanism across Europe to places like France, Spain, England, and the Low Countries.Viewing Guide with Answer Key. All episode of Crash Course are available on YouTube., That tradition continues in Crash Course European History, which dives deeper into AP Euro topics, again with fun host John Green! This Crash Course Euro History Worksheet Pack covers a single episode in detail: 30 - Modern Life. What You Will Get for in these Crash Course European History Worksheets: 21 Free-Response questions in video order., Oct 13, 2022 · Name:_____Per #:_____ Crash Course European History: Viewing Guide Episode 6: Protestant Reformation Terms to know from this episode: Martin Luther heresy indulgences salvation Ninety-five Theses Reformation Sola Scriptura Sola Gratia Sola Fide Diet of Worms Charles V Frederick the Wise (aka Frederick of Saxony) Schmalkaldic League Against the Rioting Peasants (aka “Against the Murderous ... , WWI’s Civilians, the Homefront, and an Uneasy Peace: Crash Course European History #34. World War I was a total war for millions of people in Europe. Many men were enlisted in the fighting, but the war work had implications for the daily lives of a huge number of Europeans. Women entered the workforce in huge numbers, and for a lot of people ...